“Evidently it is not enough to regard the surface as a taken-for-granted back-drop for the lines that are inscribed upon it.” Tim Ingold.

Ingold was a Professor of Anthropology at Aberdeen University and delved into the history of the line. He studied the general history however, when he looked at writing in the Western world, in particular the transition from the manuscript of medieval times to modern text, he found that there was so much more about not only the lines, but of the supports and surfaces upon which the lines were placed.

Ingold talks of types of line traces, threads and surfaces and how each surface and application of line is quite different. Speaking also of the Old English term writan where one would write a line by pulling a sharp implement over stone to create runic letters. 

Ingold also writes about another class of line in the cut, the crack and the crease, whereby the line is created not by adding, but by subtracting. For instance, Ingold references here his own study of fieldwork in Lapland and how the Saami people would cut patterns in the ears of their reindeer so they could be easily identified as belonging to a certain family. 

This page is from a book of reindeer earmarks which were collected by the author on a field trip. The pattern was cut into both ears and there are the line patterns along with the written name of the owners.

Due to a dynamic shift in my work for this module, this book on lines and surfaces has been a great help in understanding why these ways of working have always been so important to me. It is about a familial ties, family history, runic and ogham writing and the things that we as migrants, leave behind on the surfaces that we work on.

INGOLD, Tim. 2016. Lines: A Brief History. London ; New York: Routledge.

The tradition of making bark paper by hand dates back to the ancient Maya and Nahua peoples. The Maya were the only civilization to develop their own written hieroglyphic language. Transactions were recorded on bark paper, which at that time was called hunn.

The Nahua, also known as Aztecs did not have a true written language but a series of pictorial  images. The Aztecs had folding books containing pages of images which are used to help people study and memorize history and rituals, among other things.

The Spanish arrived and Amatl, as it was originally known, was replaced by European paper, but the remote village of Otomi continued to make paper from fig and mulberry tree bark. This is really important, as the arrival of the Spanish caused many ancient papers to be destroyed and all but erased the bark paper making skill.

It is interesting to note that the Amate process is still considered just as important as whatever is painted or written on it.  Noting that my interest in migrants, surfaces, hand making books drew me to working with this paper. 

‘Amate Bark Painting: Facts, History & Designs’. 2020. Study.com [online]. Available at: https://study.com/academy/lesson/amate-bark-painting-facts-history-designs.html [accessed 24 Nov 2020].

Work in progress.

Gordon Matta-Clark.

‘Splitting’. 2020. The Art Institute of Chicago [online]. Available at: https://www.artic.edu/artworks/187171/splitting [accessed 20 Nov 2020].CloseDeleteEdit

My first camera was analog and I spent many years working with film. The digital shift came with a bit of resentment on my part however, with four young kids and a constantly shifting homelife it was eventually embraced for what it was; immediate.

“Most digitally constructed photographs depend, as does analog, on the shutter’s release. But they use rows of pixels, each one defined in its color and hue as an integer, rather than a chemically processed grain.”

Fred Richin, After Photography.

Richin also goes on to say that the digital photograph can be looked at as a meta-image, a map of squares that could serve as a pathway to somewhere else. This is precisely how I like to work and I find direction in Richin’s words.

This will be explored with reference to a piece discussed in todays 1-1. Pixels are fascinating, since they could become the colour codes and swatches that I have to date, being hand mixing and painting. The image is right there and the pixels can give me those swatches. This is a pivotal moment that would not have occurred without the 1-1 meeting.

RITCHIN, Fred. 2010. After Photography. First paperback ed. New York, NY: Norton.

Tolino is an artist and teacher living and working in Vienna, Austria who works with geometric folds and origami. The facial landscapes series is visually engaging however, this method works well with portraiture as it distorts the just enough for it to remain recognizable as a face. The image engages us visually as we try to make sense of the new forms.

Kühle Streicher – Facial Landscapes

“Alles Beobachten, sei es als Wahrnehmung oder als Denkleistung oder als Kommunikation, setzt ein unbezeichnet mitwirkendes Unterscheiden voraus. Der Beobachter kann sein Instrument […] nicht beobachten, also auch sich selbst nicht in Operationen beobachten. Aber es gibt eine Beobachtung zweiter Ordnung, die genau darauf achtet, wie (mit welcher Unterscheidung) ein Beobachter beobachtet. Und das gibt uns den Schlüssel für die Auflösung der Paradoxie des Unsichtbarmachens durch Sichtbarmachung der Welt. Denn ein Beobachter zweiter Ordnung kann sehen, das der Beobachter erster Ordnung nicht sehen kann, was er nicht sehen kann.”

“Look at everything, whether it as awareness or thought provoking or as communication, notice the subtle differences. The observer is unable to watch his instrument (…) but neither can he watch himself at work.
But there is a Second Level observation, which watches precisely how, (with each difference) an observer watches. At that is the key to unlocking the paradox of invisibility achieved through visibility of the world.
Because a second level observer can see, that the first level observer is unable to see, what he can see.”

It is with help from friends and family that we can have this translation.

The technique of folding is fascinating and could become a part of my future explorations. The way that the information in the photograph subtracted to create a new distorted image will be a good thing to explore as you can alter your images and control what is seen which is really interesting. This can also be important in relation to migrants and immigration, since our ‘normal’ can appear very different through the eyes of the beholder.

‘Kühle Streicher – Facial Landscapes – Aldo Tolino’. 2020. [online]. Available at: https://www.aldotolino.com/Kuhle-Streicher-Facial-Landscapes [accessed 13 Nov 2020].

This origami work by Vincent Floderer is so inspiring. His work is so organic, hands on and he is fascinating to watch. The scale that Floderer uses for his installation is very moving. I aim to explore this method of crumpling in the next two modules.

‘La Caverne Origami – Vincent Floderer (Images 28mmphoto) – YouTube’. 2020. [online]. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LkEAE7AaErM [accessed 18 Nov 2020].
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‘Vincent Floderer’s Origami – YouTube’. 2020. [online]. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z6K4RLdodpY [accessed 18 Nov 2020].

This week we were asked to share our website with our peers and we also had to include sites that we liked. Laura Letinsky came to mind along with Erwin Olaf and Hiroshi Sugumoto.

Here is my website www.deferrier.com (Links to an external site.)

This was set up when I returned to the US after a tour in Australia, initially for commission work in portraiture and printmaking. Since starting the MA it has been left unattended and clearly needs work.  

https://www.sugimotohiroshi.com/artworks (Links to an external site.)

https://lauraletinsky.com/photographs/the-dog-and-the-wolf/ (Links to an external site.)

https://www.erwinolaf.com/art/Hope_2005 (Links to an external site.)